A lipoma is a benign tumor composed of fat tissue, often forming a soft, movable lump under the skin. While typically non-cancerous and painless, some people may opt to remove them for cosmetic reasons or if they cause discomfort.
Lipomas are the most common form of soft tissue tumors. They develop slowly, usually appearing as a soft, doughy mass that can be moved slightly under the skin. They are typically found on the neck, shoulders, back, abdomen, arms, or thighs but can appear anywhere on the body.
The exact cause of lipomas is not well understood, but they are believed to be the result of genetic factors, as they often run in families. Some cases have been linked to minor injuries, although this is not a proven cause. Middle-aged adults, especially those between 40 and 60 years old, are most commonly affected.
Lipomas are generally asymptomatic, meaning they do not cause symptoms. However, when they grow large enough, they may cause discomfort or pain by pressing on nearby nerves or structures. They appear as soft, rubbery lumps under the skin that are easily movable when touched. Lipomas are usually less than 2 inches in diameter but can grow larger. While lipomas are generally harmless, complications can arise if they grow too large, causing pain, discomfort, or interference with body function depending on their location. In rare cases, a lipoma may become a liposarcoma, a cancerous tumor, though this is very rare. Surgical removal is the most common treatment, especially if the lipoma causes discomfort, grows quickly, or if there are concerns about its nature.
Lipoma removal is a straightforward procedure usually done under local anesthesia, where the tumor is excised through a small incision. Recovery is typically quick, with minimal complications.
